What is the Roman equivalent of the Greek goddess Athena?

The Roman equivalent of the Greek goddess Athena is Minerva. Minerva embodies similar qualities to Athena, as she is the goddess of wisdom, rational thought, and strategic warfare. Both goddesses are associated with similar domains, including wisdom and the arts, and they both serve as protectors of heroes and cities.

In Roman mythology, Minerva is revered not only as a goddess of wisdom but also as a goddess of crafts and knowledge, highlighting her importance in the pantheon and her association with various aspects of civil life. On the other hand, Juno, Venus, and Vesta represent different aspects of Roman life. Juno is primarily known as the goddess of marriage and queen of the gods, Venus is associated with love and beauty, and Vesta is the goddess of the hearth and home. Thus, Minerva stands out as the direct counterpart to Athena, connecting their shared traits and functions.